DDEV Blog: Solving Intel-only AMD64/X64 problems on macOS with Apple Silicon
It's been almost 5 years since Apple introduced its ARM64-based Macs, and the world has loved them. But they threw a complete monkey wrench into the software works, which had expected the Intel/AMD64 architecture for many, many years. (Read more: ARM64! Apple Silicon! M-Series! DDEV! What does it all mean?)
Almost all systems that distributed binary artifacts had extensive troubles. That included compiled binaries, Docker images, libraries, etc. In some cases the problem was just the fundamental assumptions in the software.
Apple released Rosetta 2 with the initial Apple Silicon macs, and it was great for simple situations, but it was initially quite unpredictable for Docker-based applications. You may know that I resisted any use of Rosetta for some years because of initial experiences of unpredictability. However, everything has gotten better around Rosetta over the years, but more than that, almost everything is available as a native app or native Docker image these days (and that has always included all DDEV apps and Docker images, from the very beginning).
But it doesn't include everything. Microsoft continues to publish AMD64-only binaries and Docker images, and Oracle is just as guilty. Surely they'll come around.
In the meantime, here are some techniques to get niche AMD64-only applications going with DDEV. I recommend these techniques only if you have no good alternative, because native performance and reliability are much higher.
- Run a service as
platform: linux/amd64if only AMD64 Docker images are available - Run the DDEV web container as
platform: linux/amd64if you absolutely must install AMD64-only software in there (this happens most often withnpmpackages). - Run your entire Docker environment as AMD64 with emulation.
Running an External Service as linux/amd64
There are still a few Docker images that have not been properly updated to multi-platform builds, including typo3solr and mssql/server.
With these, if you have a docker-compose.*.yaml file that names an image which is only available as AMD64, you can just add to it this line:
platform: linux/amd64
And if you're using a Docker provider like Orbstack or Docker Desktop that has robust Rosetta support (and you have Rosetta enabled) then it will "just work". It will have reduced performance, but it may work just fine for your application.
I recently added this setup to the ddev-sqlsrv DDEV add-on, which previously was limited to Intel users only. Adding these lines to the service's docker-compose.sqlsrv.yaml made the add-on work fine on Apple Silicon:
# On macOS Apple Silicon, this only works with Rosetta enabled
image: ${MSSQL_DOCKER_IMAGE:-mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2022-CU18-ubuntu-22.04}
platform: linux/amd64
Adding AMD64-only Software to the DDEV Web Container
Sometimes the problem is adding software that is Intel-specific to the DDEV web container. For example, the classic npm packages node-sass and puppeteer had this problem for years. (Now both seem to build somewhat successfully on ARM64 and they also have clear "no-longer-maintained" notices sending you to other packages.)
However, as I recently experience with Oracle client-side ddev-oci8 DDEV add-on, you can make the DDEV web container run as linux/amd64 in the same exact way, and then if you need to npm-install some odd package that is Intel-only, you can do it. Add a .ddev/docker-compose.amd64.yaml like this:
services:
web:
# Force the DDEV web image to run as `linux/amd64` on Apple Silicon with Rosetta
platform: linux/amd64
Run Your Entire Docker System as AMD64
As well as those techniques work, it seems unlikely that you'd want to run everything as AMD64, but DDEV on Intel... on Apple Silicon tells you how!
Wrapping Up: Try to Use Native Software When You Can
I don't recommend using either of these techniques if you have the option of updating to native software or images, but they're pretty nice if you can't!
Do you have specific examples of Intel-focused software or images that you've had trouble with? I'd love to hear about it, and hear your solutions. I'd love to update this article with more specific examples.
I'd love to hear your experience. Join us in Discord or open an issue or send an email if you have success (or failure 😀).
Thanks for your support and engagement with DDEV!